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Tracking Objects in Cis-Lunar Space: The Chang’e 5 Case
Roberto Furfaro, University of Arizona; Vishnu Reddy, University of Arizona; Tanner Campbell, University of Arizona; Bill Gray, University of Arizona
Keywords: XDA, Cislunar SSA,optical tracking, orbit determination
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Hiding in Plain Sight: Observing Objects in Low Lunar Orbit and the L2 Dark Cone from a Lunar Surface Observatory
Jeffrey Van Cleve, Ball Aerospace; Anna Lawitzke, Ball Aerospace; Emily MacAnlis, Ball Aerospace; Jacob Griesbach, Ball Aerospace; Melissa Sampson, Ball Aerospace; David Osterman, Ball Aerospace; Elvis Silva, Ball Aerospace; Christopher Grant, Ball Aerospace; Amelia Bloom, Ball Aerospace
Keywords: Cislunar, Imaging, Sensors, Optical Systems, Space Domain Awareness, Lunar Lander, LUNINT, Space Situational Awareness, lunar regolith
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Risk Maps for Conjunction Potential Throughout the Cislunar Domain
Alexander Koenig, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Phillip Cunio, ExoAnalytic Solutions; Juliana Chew, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Keywords: Cislunar SSA, orbital mechanics, orbital regimes, libration points, three-body problem
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Cislunar Multiscale Dynamics and Implications for SSA
Aaron J. Rosengren, University of California San Diego
Keywords: Cislunar Space, SSA, SDA, Astrodynamics
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Robust Cislunar Initial Orbit Determination
Sam Wishnek, University of Colorado Boulder; Marcus Holzinger, University of Colorado Boulder; Patrick Handley, Ball Aerospace
Keywords: Cislunar, IOD, Orbit Determination
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The Space S&T Challenges from LEO to Cislunar (Invited Talk)
Joseph Roth, Space and Missile Systems Center; Eric Felt, AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate
Keywords: Cislunar, Space Situational Awarness, Space Domain Awarness
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Overcoming the Operational Challenges Encountered during a Decade of Conjunctions
Mark A. Vincent, Raytheon
Keywords: maneuver trade space plot, propagations models, thresholds, operations
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Electric Propulsion Intelligent Control (EPIC) Toolbox for Proximity Operations in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO)
Axel Garcia, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Richard Linares, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Zachary Folcik, MIT Lincoln Laboratory; Peter Niedfeldt, MIT Lincoln Laboratory; James Gandek, MIT Lincoln Laboratory; Christopher M Jewison, The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc; Paul Cefola, University at Buffalo (SUNY)
Keywords: direct optimization, proximity operations, NMCs, low-thrust, electric propulsion, optimal control
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Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Activities Explored through the ELSA-d Mission
Toby Harris, Astroscale UK; Jason Forshaw, Astroscale UK; Mike Lindsay, Astroscale Japan; George Brydon, Astroscale UK; Alek Lidtke, Astroscale Japan; Neil Yarr, Astroscale UK
Keywords: In-situ SSA, RPO, ADR, ELSA-d, operations, rendezvous proximity operations
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An Investigation into Potential Collision Maneuver Guidelines for Future Space Traffic Management
Mariel Borowitz, Georgia Institute of Technology; Brian Gunter, Georgia Institute of Technology; Megan Birch, Georgia Tech Research Institute; Richard Macke, Georgia Institute of Technology
Keywords: Space Traffic Management, Simulation, Scenarios, Space Debris,
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In-Space Inspection Maneuver Analysis Using Trajectory Optimization
Ian Connerney, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Alejandro Sosa, Virginia Tech; Kevin Schroeder, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Jonathan Black, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Keywords: Trajectory, Optimization, Optimal Control, Collocation, RPO, Collision Avoidance, Rendezvous, Proximity, SSA, Inspection
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PHANTOM ECHOES 2: A Five-Eyes SDA Experiment on GEO Proximity Operations
Simon George, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; Alexander Agathanggelou, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; Grant Privett, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; Philippa Halpin, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; William Feline, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; Andrew Ash, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; Paul Chote, University of Warwick; Lauchie Scott, Defence R&D Canada; Jovan Skuljan, Defence Technology Agency; Jason Alvino, Defence Science and Technology Group; James Frith, AFRL/RVSW;
Keywords: SSA/SDA, astrodynamics, experimentation, observation campaign, GEO rendezvous, tracking, electric propulsion, RPO, orbit determination
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SSA Positional and Dimensional Accuracy Requirements for Space Traffic Coordination and Management
Salvatore Alfano, COMSPOC Corporation; Daniel L. Oltrogge, COMSPOC Corporation; Lorenzo Arona, AVANTI Communications
Keywords: SSA, accuracy requirement, Go/No-Go criteria, collision avoidance
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RSO Proper Elements for Space Situational and Domain Awareness
Di Wu, University of California San Diego; Aaron J. Rosengren, University of California San Diego
Keywords: proper elements, space situational awareness, space domain awareness, astrodynamics
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Application of Novel Filtering Approaches to Modern Space Domain Awareness
Jonathan Kadan,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Dylan Thomas, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Amit Bala, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Kevin Schroeder, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Jonathan Black, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Keywords: UKF, SDA, filtering, orbital dynamics, AST, estimation
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Improved Orbital Predictions using Pseudo Observations – Maximizing the Utility of SGP4-XP
Anthony Holincheck, Sceptre Analytics; Janet Cathell, Sceptre Analytics
Keywords: open source, sgp4, sgp4-xp, orbit determination, covariance
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Improving Orbital Uncertainty Realism Through Covariance Determination in GEO
Alejandro Cano, GMV; Sergio Fernández, GMV; Alejandro Pastor, GMV; Diego Escobar, GMV;
Keywords: Covariance realism, consider analysis, covariance determination, uncertainty quantification
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Fragmentation Detection via Track-to-Track Association of Optical Observations
Alejandro Pastor, GMV; Guillermo Escribano-Blázquez, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Manuel Sanjurjo-Rivo, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Diego Escobar, GMV
Keywords: fragmentation detection, track association, track correlation, cataloging, optical data
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Semi-Empirical Metrics to Measure the Effects of Large Satellite Constellations on Astronomy (Featured Presentation)
Doyle Hall, Omitron Inc.
Keywords: Satellite Constellations; Astronomy; Space Sustainability/Space Traffic Management (STM)
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Expanding the Space Surveillance Network with Space-Based Sensors Using Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques
Cameron Harris, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Dylan Thomas, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Jonathan Kadan, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Kevin Schroeder, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Jonathan Black, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Keywords: SDA, SSN, genetic algorithm, metaheuristic optimization
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A Deep Reinforcement Learning Application to Space-based Sensor Tasking for Space Situational Awareness
Thomas G. Roberts, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Peng Mun Siew, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Daniel Jang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Richard Linares, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Keywords: Deep Reinforcement Learning, Reinforcement Learning, Population Based Training, Space Sensor Tasking, Proximal Policy Optimization
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SNARE (Sensor Network Autonomous Resilient Extensible): Decentralized Sensor Tasking Improves SDA Tactical Relevance
Robert Carden, MITRE; Dustin Burchett, MITRE; Harvey Reed, MITRE
Keywords: Space Traffic Management (STM), Space Surveillance Network (SSN), Space Domain Awareness (SDA), Persistence, SNARE, BESTA, GREAT
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Multi-Space-Object Tracking with the Poisson Labeled Multi-Bernoulli (PLMB) Filter & Probabilistic Admissible Region Constraints
Leonardo Cament, Universidad de Chile; Martin Adams, Universidad de Chile; Pablo Barrios, Universidad de Chile
Keywords: Multi-target tracking, Space situational awareness, Random Finite Sets, Poisson Labeled Multi-Bernoulli (PLMB) filter
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Reducing weight of imaging systems with flat lenses
Rajesh Menon, University of Utah & Oblate Optics; Monjurul Meem, University of Utah; Apratim Majumder, University of Utah
Keywords: flat optics, diffractive lenses, achromatic lenses, depth of focus, imaging.
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Operations Update for the Deformable Mirror Demonstration Mission (DeMi) CubeSat
Rachel Morgan, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Sophia Vlahakis, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Greg Allan, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Paula do Vale Pereira, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Jennifer Gubner, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Christian Haughwout, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Bobby Holden, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Thomas Murphy, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Yinzi Xin, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Kerri Cahoy, MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Ewan Douglas, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona; John Merk, Aurora Flight Sciences; Danilo Roascio, Aurora Flight Sciences; Mark Egan, MIT Kavli Institute; Gabor Furesz, MIT Kavli Institute
Keywords: adaptive optics, MEMS, deformable mirrors, cubesats
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Analysis of Wavefront Sensing Techniques for Extended Scene Imaging
Justin M. Knight, University of Arizona; Michael Hart, HartSCI LLC
Keywords: Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, extended scene imaging, wavefront sensing comparison analysis, remote sensing simulation
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Transformation of the Space Surveillance Telescope into a Dedicated Sensor in the Space Surveillance Network
Jonathan Hutfilz, Space Domain Awareness Division; James “Chris” Higgins, Space Domain Awareness Division
Keywords: Space Surveillance Telescope, Space Domain Awareness
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Design and Predicted Performance of 4-m Baseline Habitable-zone Exoplanet Observatory Telescope
H. Philip Stahl, NASA
Keywords: Space Telescope, STOP Modeling
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Characterization of The Eugene Stansbery-Meter Class Autonomous Telescope on Ascension Island
Corbin Cruz, Jacobs; Brent Buckalew, NASA Orbital Debris Program Office; Sue Lederer, NASA Johnson Space Center Orbital Debris Program Office; Kayley Green-Tooney, Texas State University; Paul Hickson, University of British Columbia; Timothy Kennedy, NASA Johnson Space Center Orbital Debris Program Office; Heather Cowardin, NASA Johnson Space Center Orbital Debris Program Office
Keywords: Astronomy, Photometry, Optical, Telescope, Geosynchronous, Survey, GEO, Autonomous, Debris, Imaging
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Synthetic-Aperture Silhouette Imaging (SASI): Laboratory Demonstration Traceable to Ground-Based Imaging of GEO Satellites
Richard Paxman, Maxar; Kurt Gleichman, Maxar; Alexander S. Iacchetta, Maxar; Bradley M. Jost, Maxar
Keywords: SASI, silhouette, ground-based imaging of satellites, shadow imaging
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Polarimetric 3D Imaging in Degraded Environments
Kashif Usmani, University of Connecticut; Timothy O’Connor, University of Connecticut; Peter Marasco, Air Force Research Laboratory; Bahram Javidi, University of Connecticut
Keywords: Polarimetric imaging, three-dimensional integral imaging, degraded environments, Long Wave Infrared (LWIR) imaging.
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Optomechanical Design and Fabrication of a Wide Field of View 250-mm-aperture Freeform Imaging System
Matthew A. Davies, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Brian S. Dutterer, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Steven Swagler, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Eann LAwing, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Nicholas Horvath, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Jannick Rolland, The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester; Aaron Bauer, The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester
Keywords: Freeform optics, Three-mirror-anastigmat, Ultraprecision diamond machining, Metrology, Opto-mechanics
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Event-based Sensor Model for Space Domain Awareness
Rachel Oliver, Cornell University; Dmitry Savransky, Cornell University
Keywords: event-based sensors, neuromorphic electronics, modeling, parameterization, disaggregate data, solid-state circuits
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Development and Testing of a Novel Low-Cost LEO Optical Surveillance Sensor
Borja Del Campo Lopez, Deimos Space UK Ltd.; Emma Kerr, Deimos Space UK Ltd.; Jaime Nomen Torres, DEIMOS Space; Chris Dorn, Inverse Quanta Ltd; Stuart Eves, SJE Space Ltd
Keywords: sensor, optical, wide field-of-view, software, image processing
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The National Science Foundation’s Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope
Thomas Rimmele, National Solar Observatory; DKIST Team, National Solar Observatory
Keywords: Telescopes, Adaptive Optics, Instrumentation, Polarimetry, Solar Astronomy, Space Weather
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Decorrelating Density and Drag-coefficient through Attitude Variations
Vishal Ray, University of Colorado Boulder; Daniel J. Scheeres, University of Colorado Boulder; Suood Alnaqbi, University of Colorado Boulder
Keywords: Atmospheric drag, density, drag-coefficient, orbit determination
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Solar Flare Prediction With Recurrent Neural Networks
Jill Platts, AFRL/RISA; John Marsh, SUNY Polytechnic Institute; Michael Reale, SUNY Polytechnic Institute; Christopher Urban, SUNY Polytechnic Institute
Keywords: space weather, solar flares, machine learning, neural networks, recurrent neural networks
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Accelerated AI Powered Atmospheric Predictions for Space Domain Awareness Applications
Danny Felton, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Mary Ellen Craddock, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Heather Kiley, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Randall J. Alliss, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Eric Page, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Duane Apling, Northrop Grumman Corporation
Keywords: atmospheric characterization and prediction, AI, Deep Learning, SDA
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The Solar Particle Access Model (SPAM): A New Tool for Monitoring Solar Energetic Particle Impacts to Satellite Operations
Janet Green, Space Hazards Applications, LLC; Paul O’Brien, The Aerospace Corporation; Rick Quinn, Atmospheric and Environmental Research; Stuart Huston, Space Hazards Applications, LLC; Paul Whelan, Space Hazards Applications, LLC; Nils Reker, Atmospheric and Environmental Research
Keywords: space weather, solar energetic particles, satellite anomalies, real time situational awareness
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Application of SoleiTool for Density Estimation using CubeSat GPS Data (2021 AMOS Conference Student Award Winner)
Shaylah Mutschler, University of Colorado Boulder; Penina Axelrad, University of Colorado Boulder, Space Weather Technology (SWx TREC); Eric Sutton, University of Colorado Boulder, Space Weather Technology (SWx TREC)
Keywords: SSA, LEO, Space Weather, Atmospheric Drag, Density, Acceleration Estimation, Particle Filter, Physics-based Space Environment Model, CubeSat, TIE-GCM
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Inversion of the Shape of Space Debris from Non-resolved Optical Measurements within SPOOK
David Vallverdu Cabrera, Airbus Defence and Space GmbH; Jens Utzmann, Airbus Defence and Space GmbH; Roger Förstner, Universität der Bundeswehr München
Keywords: light curve, object characterization, shape caracterization, extended gaussian image, minkowski
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Spectral Characterization of 2020 SO
Vishnu Reddy, University of Arizona; Adam Battle, University of Arizona; Tanner Campbell, University of Arizona; Paul Chodas, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Al Conrad, University of Arizona; Dan Engelhart, University of New Mexico; James Frith, AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate; Roberto Furfaro, University of Arizona; Davide Farnocchia, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Ryan Hoffmann, AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate; Olga Kuhn, University of Arizona; David Monet, AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate; Neil Pearson, Planetary Science Institute; Elena Plis, AFRL and Georgia Tech; Jacqueline Reyes, The University of Texas at El Paso; Barry Rothberg, LBTO; Benjamin Sharkey, University of Arizona; Juan Sanchez, Planetary Science Institute; Christian Veillet, University of Arizona; Richard Wainscoat, University of Hawaii
Keywords: Near-IR Spectroscopy, Planetary Defense, Cis-Lunar SSA, XDA
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Space Object Identification, Discrimination, and Tracking
Kameron Simon, Kratos; Steve Williams, Kratos; Bill Sward, Kratos; Austin Beer, Kratos
Keywords: passive RF
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Automated Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Using the Unified Data Library
Kristen Haynes, Applied Optimization Inc.; Jeffrey Hollon, Applied Optimization, Inc.; Kimberly Kinateder, Applied Optimization; Victoria Carone, Applied Optimization; Tamara Payne, Applied Optimization Inc.; Phan Dao, Applied Optimization, Inc.; Cory Hufford, Applied Optimization, Inc.; Stephen Gregory, Stephen A. Gregory LLC; Scott Milster, AFRL/RV
Keywords: data fusion, multi-sensor, photometry, non-resolved object characterization
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Comparing Photometric Behavior of LEO Constellations to SpaceX Starlink using a Space-based Optical Sensor
Chance Johnson, Defence R&D Canada; Lauchie Scott, Defence R&D Canada; Stefan Thorsteinson, Defence R&D Canada
Keywords: NEOSSat, Mega-constellation, satellite brightness, photometric measurement, SpaceX, Starlink, OneWeb, Planet Labs, Flock, Dove, light curve
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Studying the Potential of Hyperspectral Unmixing for Extracting Composition of Unresolved Space Objects using Simulation Models
Jiarui Yi, The University of Texas at El Paso; Miguel Velez-Reyes, The University of Texas at El Paso; Hector Erives, The University of Texas at El Paso
Keywords: hyperspectral remote sensing, hyperspectral unmixing, non-resolved object characterization
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Extending Laboratory BRDF Measurements towards Radiometric Modeling of Resident Space Object Spectral Signature Mixing
Gregory Badura, Georgia Tech Research Institute; Elena Plis, Georgia Tech Research Institute; Christopher Valenta, Georgia Tech Research Institute
Keywords: Spectral Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (sBRDF), Spectroscopy, Modeling & Simulation, Machine Learning
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Using AI to Analyse Light Curves for GEO Object Characterisation
Emma Kerr, Deimos Space UK Ltd.; Elisabeth Geistere Petersen, Deimos Space UK Ltd.; Patrick Talon, Deimos Space UK Ltd.; David Petit, Deimos Space UK Ltd.; Chris Dorn, Inverse Quanta Ltd; Stuart Eves, SJE Space Ltd
Keywords: characterisation, light curve, AI, machine learning, GEO, simulation
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Rapid Discrimination of Resident Space Objects Using Near-Infrared Photometry
Eric Pearce, University of Arizona Steward Observatory; Harrison Krantz, University of Arizona Steward Observatory; Adam Block, University of Arizona Steward Observatory; Brad Sease, Computational Physics, Inc; Mitchell Kirshner, University of Arizona System and Industrial Engineering
Keywords: multi-color photometry, SSA, UKIRT, WFCAM, UIST, SL-12 rocket bodies, HS-376, Centaur, Molniya
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Safety Norms for Space Security: How the Development of STM Norms Can Strengthen Security in Space
Daniel Porras, Secure World Foundation; Laetitia Zarkan Cesari, University of Luxembourg
Keywords: Space security, STM, SSA, UN, arms control, RPO
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Test on the New SSA System of JASDF
Ryotaro Sakamoto, Japan Air Self Defense Force; Nobuhiro Sakamoto, Japan Air Self Defense Force
Keywords: Japan Air Self Defense Force, SSA operational system
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Swedish National Interests in Space Situational Awareness
Torbjörn Sundberg, FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency; Matti Nylund, FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency; Ola Rasmusson, FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency
Keywords: SSA, SST, Space Debris, STM
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The Australian Space Agency’s Inaugural Space Situational Awareness Technology Roadmap: Context, Methodology and Learnings
Aude Vignelles, Australian Space Agency; Marie Le Pellec, Australian Space Agency; Frank Gallagher, Australian Space Agency
Keywords: Australian Space Agency, Roadmap, SSA, Responsible, methodology, strategy
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Report on 2020 Megaconstellation Deployments and Impacts to Space Domain Awareness
Ryan Hiles, Omitron, Inc.; Amos Alexander, U.S. Space Force; Nicholas Herzer, U.S. Space Force; Diana McKissock, U.S. Space Force; Aaron Mitchell, U.S. Space Force; Jontahan Sapinoso, U.S. Space Force
Keywords: Space Domain Awareness, Conjunction Assessment, Reentry Assessment
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Doppler and Angle of Arrival Estimation from Digitally Modulated Satellite Signals in Passive RF Space Domain Awareness.
Mohd Noor Islam, Clearbox Systems; Thomas Q. Wang, Clearbox Systems; Samuel Wade, Clearbox Systems; Travis Bessell, Clearbox Systems; Tim Spitzer, Clearbox Systems; Jeremy Hallett, Clearbox Systems
Keywords: Space Domain Awareness, Angle-of-arrival, Doppler, Passive RF, Satellite Signals
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Daytime Optical Contributions Toward Timely Space Domain Awareness in Low Earth Orbit
Jeff Shaddix, Numerica Corporation; Cameron Key, Numerica Corporation; Alex Ferris, Numerica Corporation; James Herring, Numerica Corporation; Navraj Singh, Numerica Corporation; Todd Brost, Numerica Corporation; Jeff Aristoff, Numerica Corporation
Keywords: Daylight Techniques for Satellite Characterization, Imaging, Modeling, Optical Systems, Small or Autonomous Telescope Systems, Space Situational/Domain Awareness (SSA/SDA)
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Geosynchronous Satellite Maneuver Identification and Characterization using Passive RF Ranging
Austin Beer, Kratos; Kameron Simon, Kratos
Keywords: Passive RF, Maneuver Detection, Pattern of Life
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System Approach to Analyse the Performance of the EU Space Surveillance and Tracking system
Jose Maria Hermoso, CDTI; Vincent Morand, CNES; Igone Urdampilleta Aldama, CDTI; Vincent Morand, CNES; Emmanuel Delande, CNES; Johannes Gelhaus, DLR; Elena Vellutini, ASI; Violeta Poenaru, ROSA; José Freitas, PT MoD; Mikołaj Krużyński, Polish Space Agency; Daniel Garcia-Yarnoz, SatCen; Nuria Guijarro López, DEIMOS Space
Keywords: EUSST, simulation, architecture, coverage, cataloguing, SST, sensors
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Adapting New Processes to Support Improved Space Based Surveillance Ground Operations
Shawn W. Abernethy, Jr., Stratagem Group; Emily Gerber, L3Harris; William DeLude, Stratagem Group; Weston Faber, L3Harris; Thomas Kelecy, L3Harris; Taylor Nave, L3Harris
Keywords: Unscented Schmidt-Kalman Filter, Measurement Fusion, constrained optimization, Monte Carlo , Genetic Algorithm, Monte Carlo Markov Chain
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Enhanced Standard Data Format for Reporting Electro-Optical Data Products for Space Domain Awareness
Tamara E. Payne, Applied Optimization Inc.; Philip J. Castro, Applied Optimization, Inc.; Victoria C. Frey, Applied Optimization; Markus H. Ernst, Applied Optimization, Inc.; Corey R. Hufford, Applied Optimization, Inc.; Trenton J. Godar, U.S. Air Force
Keywords: EOSSA, data format, photometry, astrometry, non-resolved object characterization
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AFRL Support to Space S&T (Invited Talk)
Kelly Hammett, AFRL
Keywords: AFRL, Space S&T, USSF
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Toward Deep-space Object Detection in Persistent Wide Field of View Camera Arrays
Garrett Fitzgerald, U.S. Space Force; Zachary Funke, AFRL; Alexander Cabello, Algoritics; Vijayan Asari, University of Dayton; Justin Fletcher, U.S. Space Force
Keywords: WFOV, camera array, GEO detection, GEO tracking, WAMI, wide area motion imagery, SatSim, SatNet, AllSky, space object detection, PANDORA
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Geosynchronous Satellite Maneuver Classification via Supervised Machine Learning
Thomas G. Roberts, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Richard Linares, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Keywords: Detection Algorithms, Satellite Maneuver Detection, Geosynchronous Orbit, Geostationary Orbit, Satellite Patterns of Life, Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks, Two-Line Element Sets
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Toward using Machine Learning Models for Data Association and Maneuver Classification of Resident Space Objects
Triet Tran, Cornerstone Consulting & Services, LLC; Anthony N. Dills, L3Harris Corp
Keywords: AI/ML models, data association, maneuver classification, maneuver detection
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Inferring Space Object Orientation with Spectroscopy and Convolutional Networks
Matthew Phelps, United States Space Force; J. Zachary Gazak, United States Space Force; Thomas Swindle, United States Space Force; Justin Fletcher, United States Space Force; Ian McQuaid, Air Force Research Laboratory
Keywords: spectroscopy, spectra, deep learning, orientation, rotation, attitude, pointing angle, convolution, neural networks, space objects, GEO
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Detection & Identification of On-Orbit Objects Using Machine Learning
Marcos Perez, LMO; M. A. Musallam, CVI2 group, University of Luxembourg (SnT); A. Garcia, CVI2 group, University of Luxembourg (SnT); E. Ghorbel, CVI2 group, University of Luxembourg (SnT); K. A. Imsaeil, CVI2 group, University of Luxembourg (SnT); D. Aouada, CVI2 group, University of Luxembourg (SnT); P.L. Henaff, MDA-UK
Keywords: SSA, Computer Vision, SST, STM, Pose Estimation
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Pixelwise Image Segmentation for RSO Detection of GEO Spacecraft
Douglas Woodward, The Aerospace Corporation; Celeste Manughian-Peter, The Aerospace Corporation; Tim Smith, The Aerospace Corporation; Elizabeth Davison, The Aerospace Corporation
Keywords: Machine Learning, Space Domain Awareness
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Incremental Learning of Novel Resident Space Object Spectral Fingerprints
J. Zachary Gazak, United States Space Force; Ian McQuaid, Air Force Research Laboratory; Brandon Wolfson, KBR; Justin Fletcher, United States Space Force
Keywords: Space Domain Awareness, Spetroscopic positive identification, spectroscopy, convolutional neural networks, incremental learning, learned positive identification
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Time Forecasting Satellite Light Curve Patterns using Neural Networks
William Dupree, Aptima, Inc.; Louis Penafiel, Aptima, Inc.; Thomas Gemmer, Aptima, Inc.
Keywords: Machine Learning, Neural Network, Unified Data Library, Ground-Based Measurements, Light Curve, Visual Magnitude, Time Series Analysis
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Light Curve Analysis of Deep Space Objects in Complex Rotation States
Michael Abercrombie, The Boeing Company; Brandoch Calef, The Boeing Company; Shadi Naderi, Air Force Research Laboratory
Keywords: non-resolved, complex rotation state, tumble, photometry, light curve
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Photometric and Spectral Calibration of the Falcon Telescope Network
Ethan Albrecht, U.S. Air Force Academy; Erik Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; Kody Wilson, U.S. Air Force Academy; Joshua Key, U.S. Air Force Academy; Francis Chun, U.S. Air Force Academy; Nikola Ruby, Murray State University; David Strong, Strong EO Imaging, Inc.; Casey Schuetz-Christy, Millennium Engineering & Integration Co.
Keywords: Falcon Telescope Network, Photometry, Spectroscopy, GEO Satellites, Space Situational Awareness, Space Domain Awareness
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SDA Environment Toolkit for Defense (SET4D) – Enabling Attribution for Orbital Assets and Electro-magnetic Spectrum Links Through Streamlined R2O
Sage Andorka, Space Systems Command, Special Programs Directorate (SSC/ECZG), U.S. Space Force; Jeffery Cox, The Aerospace Corporation; Michael Fraizer, Space Systems Command, Special Programs Directorate (SSC/ECZG), U.S. Space Force
Keywords: R2O, satellite anomaly, EMI, LP&I, environment, weather
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Space Command and Control Program – Kobayashi Maru
Jennifer Krolikowski, SMC/ECXC; Edward Jones, SMC/ECXC; Reginald Shelton, SMC/ECXC; Rachele Szall, SMC/ECXC
Keywords: software, development, space command and control, agile, acquisition
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A Visible Spectroscopic Atlas of Geostationary Satellites
Adam Battle, University of Arizona; Vishnu Reddy, University of Arizona; Roberto Furfaro, University of Arizona; Tanner Campbell, University of Arizona; James Frith, Air Force Research Laboratory; David Monet, Air Force Research Laboratory
Keywords: Visible spectroscopy, Phase angle, Bus type, taxonomy
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Radar-Derived Spin States of Defunct GEO Satellites and Rocket Bodies
Conor Benson, University of Colorado Boulder; Charles Naudet, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Daniel Scheeres, University of Colorado Boulder; William Ryan, New Mexico Tech/MRO; Eileen Ryan, New Mexico Tech/MRO; Joseph Jao, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Lawrence Snedeker, Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex; Jeffrey Lagrange, Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex
Keywords: GEO, debris, spin states, radar, light curves, YORP effect
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NGSatSentry: On-Orbit Detection System for Space Domain Awareness
Nicholas P. Bertrand, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Derrick Cheung, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Joy Gu, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Chris McNamara, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Camille Saidnawey, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Ernie Zenker, Northrop Grumman Corporation
Keywords: detection algorithms, hosted payload, space domain awareness, thermal vacuum testing
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A Study of Measuring Beam Wander from Stars for Ground-based Kaser Illumination
Nazim Bharmal, Durham University
Keywords: laser, wavefront sensing, beam wander, tip/tilt
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Artificial Debris Collision Risk Following a Catastrophic Spacecraft Mishap in Lunar Orbit
Nathan Boone, Air Force Institute of Technology; Robert Bettinger,Air Force Institute of Technology
Keywords: debris, space, artificial, lunar, cislunar, kessler syndrome, Artemis, Gateway, Moon
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Bayesian Approach to Light-Curve Inversion of 2020 SO
Tanner Campbell, University of Arizona; Vishnu Reddy, University of Arizona; Roberto Furfaro, University of Arizona; Adam Battle, University of Arizona; Peter Birtwhistle, Great Shefford Observatory; Tyler Linder, The Astronomical Research Institute; Scott Tucker, Starizona; Neil Pearson, Planetary Science Institute
Keywords: CIS Lunar, Ground-based Observations, Light Curve Inversion, Bayesian Inversion
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Cislunar Orbit Determination Behavior: Processing Observations of Periodic Orbits with Gaussian Mixture Model Estimation Filters (2021 AMOS Conference Best Paper Award Winner)
C. Channing Chow II, Cloudstone Innovations LLC; Charles J. Wetterer, KBR; Jason Baldwin, Complex Futures LLC; Micah Dilley, KBR; Keric Hill, KBR; Paul Billings, KBR; James Frith, AFRL/RVSW
Keywords: cislunar, orbit determination, observations, periodic orbits, gaussian mixture model, estimation filters
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Utilization Potential for Distinct Orbit Families in the Cislunar Domain
Phillip M. Cunio, ExoAnalytic Solutions, Inc.; Marcus Bever, ExoAnalytic Solutions, Inc.; Christopher Ingram, ExoAnalytic Solutions, Inc.; Brien R. Flewelling, ExoAnalytic Solutions, Inc.; Greg McNeill, ExoAnalytic Solutions, Inc.
Keywords: Cislunar SSA, highly elliptical orbits, novel orbits, SSA constellation, stable orbits
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Maximizing the Utility of Non-Traditional Sensor Network Data for SDA
Neil Dhingra, Orbit Logic Incorporated; Cameron DeJac, Orbit Logic; Alex Herz, Orbit Logic; Trevor Wolf, University of Texas; Brandon Jones, University of Texas at Austin
Keywords: Sensor Resource Management, Sensor Tasking, Space Domain Awareness, Space Situational Awareness, Government-Commercial Partnerships, Non-Traditional Sensor Networks, Catalog Maintenance
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Machine Learning for Launch Assessment: The Similarity-Based Launch Classification Tool (SLCT)
Michal Dichter, Applied Technology Associates, a BlueHalo Company
Keywords: Machine Learning, Launch Threat Assessment, Similarity-Based Classification
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Qualifying and Reducing Neutral Density Uncertainty for Precise Orbit Determination using Physics-Based Data Assimilations
Nicholas Dietrich, University of Colorado Boulder; Tomoko Matsuo, University of Colorado Boulder; Chih-Ting Hsu, High Altitude Observatory, NCAR
Keywords: Data assimilation, neutral density, solar and magnetospheric drivers, uncertainty quantification
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Preliminary Orbit Determination Using the Transit of Satellites in Front of Space-Based Illumination Sources
Daniel Dombrowski, Air Force Institute of Technology; Robert Bettinger, Air Force Institute of Technology
Keywords: Orbit Determination, Satellite Transit, SSA, Space based mirrors
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Speckle Interferometry of Binary Stars with a 1m Telescope, Grounded with AO from a 1.5m
Tanya Tavenner, Air Force Research Laboratory, RDSS, Starfire Optical Range; Jack Drummond, Leidos; Mala Mateen,Air Force Research Laboratory, RDSS, Starfire Optical Range; Ethan Wood, Air Force Research Laboratory, RDSS, Starfire Optical Range; Odell Reynolds, Air Force Research Laboratory, RDSS, Starfire Optical Range; Emory Jenkins, AFRL Summer Internship
Keywords: speckle interferometry, adaptive optics, binary stars, geosynchronous satellites, Starfire Optical Range
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Flexible Closed Loop Feedback Control Architecture for SDA Payloads
David T. Ellis, Ball Aerospace; Chris Daywalt, Ball Aerospace
Keywords: Onboard processing, SDA algorithms, feedback control, tracking
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A Regional Greedy Algorithm for Space Domain Awareness Resource Allocation
Naomi Owens Fahrner, Ball Aerospace
Keywords: Space Domain Awareness, Resource Allocation, Sensor Tasking, Heterogeneous Sensors
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Spooky Coordinated Tasking and Estimation on Uninformative Priors
Samuel Fedeler, University of Colorado Boulder; Marcus Holzinger, University of Colorado Boulder; William Whitacre, Draper Laborartory
Keywords: space situational awareness, sensor tasking, estimation, heuristic search
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Polarimetric Space Situational Awareness using the Aero-Optical Prediction Tool
Christopher Persons, IERUS Technologies; Greg Finney, IERUS Technologies
Keywords: Space situational awareness, modeling, polarimetry, non-resolved object characterization
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Intrinsic Fault Resistance for Nonlinear Filters with State-Dependent Probability of Detection
Gunner Fritsch, Texas A&M University; Kyle DeMars, Texas A&M University
Keywords: Nonlinear, filtering, bayesian, probability of detection, estimation, tracking
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Detection of Background Stars over an Artificial Satellite Pass using Blob Detection Algorithms
André Gaudin, University of Canterbury; Richard Clare, University of Canterbury; Vishnu Anand Muruganandan, University of Canterbury; Steve Weddell, University of Canterbury
Keywords: SSA, Point spread function, PSF, Blob detection, natural guide star search, satellite imaging
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Characterization of Orbital Debris Attributes Using Functional Data Analysis
Emily Gerber, L3Harris; Thomas Kelecy, L3Harris; Jason Balke, L3Harris
Keywords: Object Characterization, Functional Data Analysis, Data Fusion
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Relative Estimation in the Cislunar Regime using Optical Sensors
Jesse Greaves, University of Colorado Boulder; Daniel Scheeres, University of Colorado Boulder
Keywords: cislunar, space, domain, awareness, relative, optical, autonomous, navigation, observation, combined, estimation, proximity, operations
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Establishing Consensus Between Implicitly Updated Decentralized Probability Distribution Functions
Juan Gutierrez, KBR; Waqar Zaidi, L3Harris
Keywords: Statistical Distance, Consensus, Implicit, Divergence, Centroid, Gaussian Mixture Model, Space Traffic Management, Space Situational Awareness
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Photometric Characterization and Trajectory Accuracy of Starlink Satellites
Grace Halferty, University of Arizona; Vishnu Reddy, University of Arizona; Roberto Furfaro, University of Arizona; Adam Battle, University of Arizona; Tanner Campbell, University of Arizona
Keywords: Starlink,SpaceX,magnitude,SSA,TLEs,Stingray,University of Arizona,photometry
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An Adaptive, Non-singular Measurement Model for Angles-only Orbit Determination and Estimation
James Hippelheuser, University of Central Florida; Tarek Elgohary, University of Central Florida
Keywords: Space Situational Awareness, Line of Sight, Orbit Estimation, Initial Orbit Determination, Angles Only Measurements
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Simplified Conjunction Analysis using a Graph Database for Identifying High Risk Objects
Janet Cathell, Sceptre Analytics; Anthony Holincheck, Sceptre Analytics
Keywords: open source, sda, conjunction analysis, graph database
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Dynamic Model Integration and Simulation Engine (DMISE) Assisted Design of Future Sensor Networks in Support of Space Traffic Management
Douglas Hope, Georgia Tech Research Institute; Megan Birch, Georgia Tech Research Institute; Christopher E. Cordell, Georgia Tech Research Institute; Keith F. Prussing, Georgia Tech Research Institute; Christopher Valenta, Georgia Tech Research Institute
Keywords: Space Domain Awareness, Space Traffic Management, Network Sensor Designs, Modeling, High Performance Computing, Conjunction Analysis
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Headline-based Human-Computer Interface to Aggregate Space Indications and Warnings
John Ianni, Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Carolyn Sheaff, AFRL Information Directorate; Peter Rocci, AFRL Information Directorate; Gina Thomas, Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Apoorva Bhopale, AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate
Keywords: Human-computer interfaces, automated indications and warnings, space threats
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Compact Solutions for Detecting Space and Ground Based Optical Threats to Satellites
Cameron Dickinson, MDA Space Robotics & Operations; Sebastian Slaman, MDA Space Robotics & Operations; Piotr Jasiobedzki, MDA Space Robotics & Operations; Dennis Gregoris, MDA Space Robotics & Operations; Denise King, MDA Space Robotics & Operations
Keywords: satellite protection, laser source and optical threat detection, characterization and attribution
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Observations of Satellites Using Near-Simultaneous Polarization Measurements
Audra Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; Michael Plummer, U.S. Air Force Academy; Daniel O’Keefe, U.S. Air Force Academy; Francis Chun, U.S. Air Force Academy; David Strong, Strong EO Imaging, Inc.
Keywords: Polarization, GEO Satellites, Space Situational Awareness, Space Domain Awareness
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Data Fusion of Historical Space Weather Outliers and Satellite Anomalies
Randy Jensen, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc.; Richard Stottler, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc.; Christian Belardi, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc.
Keywords: Space Weather, Satellite Anomalies, Data Fusion, Machine Learning, Space Domain Awareness
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Space Systems Center Special Programs Advanced Technology Integration Future Space Domain Awareness Hosted Payloads
Ammy Cardona, Space Systems Center, Development Corps; Anthony Rosati, Space Systems Center Special Programs Advanced Integration; Donn Murray, Space Systems Center, Special Programs Space Based Optical; Janelle Moran, Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC); Heather Ginsburgh, Emolbi;
Keywords: Hosted Payloads, Space Domain Awareness, SDA Enterprise, QZSS, Architecture, International, Custody, Change Detection, I&W, GEO, MEO, SSN
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On the Impact of Tactical Track Loading on Volume Revisit Performance and the Role of Augmenting Hosted Payloads – A GEO Space Domain Awareness Challenge
Jeffrey Asher, JHU Applied Physics Laboratory; Douglas Cool, JHU Applied Physics Laboratory; Diego Cavero, JHU Applied Physics Laboratory; Joshua Sloane, JHU Applied Physics Laboratory; Kelly Brinkley, JHU Applied Physics Laboratory; Anthony Rosati, United States Air Force, USSF/SMC/SPGZ; Hillary Keltner, United States Air Force, USSF/SMC/SPGZ
Keywords: Tactical Track, Volume Revisit, GEO, SDA, GEO SDA, Hosted Payloads, MS&A, SSN, EO,
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Novel Closed Form Solution for Orbit Segment Altitude Extrema Over Spherical and Oblate Central Bodies
Darin Koblick, Raytheon
Keywords: Two-body Analytic Solution, Closed Form, Min/Max Altitude, Extrema
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Use of Ground Stations of ERS Data Reception in the Interest of Space Situational Awareness
Oleksandr Kozhukhov, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Oleksandr Kalvatynskyi, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Dmytro Kozhukhov, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Viktor Mamarev, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Ozeryan Andriy, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Igor Brukhno, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Leonid Shakun, Astronomical Observatory of Odessa I.I.Mechnikov National University; Andriy Zavada, Korolyov Zhytomyr Military Institute
Keywords: space situational awareness, radio frequency monitoring, SO orbit determination and improvement
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Characterizing the All-Sky Brightness of Satellite Mega-Constellations and the Impact on Astronomy Research
Harrison Krantz, University of Arizona Steward Observatory; Eric Pearce, University of Arizona Steward Observatory; Adam Block, University of Arizona Steward Observatory
Keywords: mega-constellation, starlink, oneweb, darksat, visorsat, LEO, photometry, astronomy, light pollution, autonomous,
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Light Scattering Properties of a Solar Panel including Wavelength and Polarization Dependencies in the Visible Spectrum
Joe Kurtz, University of New South Wales – Canberra; Andrew Jolley, Western Sydney University; Scott Tyo, University of New South Wales – Canberra
Keywords: solar panel, light scattering, polarimetry
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Self-Supervised Auxiliary Task Learning for Estimating Satellite Orientation
Klaus Okkelberg, The Boeing Company; Jacob Lucas, The Boeing Company; Trent Kyono, The Boeing Company; Michael Abercrombie, The Boeing Company; Justin Fletcher, Odyssey Systems Consulting; Matthew Phelps, Odyssey Systems Consulting
Keywords: deep learning, pose estimation
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The Efficacy of Limiting Catastrophic Fragmentations in Low Earth Orbit by Regulating Probability of Collision with Large Objects
Mike Lindsay, Astroscale; Toby Harris, Astroscale UK; Sam Cox, Astroscale UK; Matt Duncan, SpaceNav
Keywords: space debris, collision risk, regulation, licensing, modeling, post-mission disposal, sustainability, fragmentation, lethal non-trackables
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Discovering 3-D Structure of LEO Obects
Jacob Lucas, The Boeing Company; Trent Kyono, The Boeing Company; Julia Yang, The Boeing Company; Justin Fletcher, Odyssey Systems Consulting
Keywords: Machine Learning, LEO, resolved imagery
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Share My Space Multi-telescope Observation Stations Performance Assessment
Alexis Petit, Share My Space; Romain Lucken, Share My Space; Henri Tarrieu, Share My Space; Damien Giolito, Share My Space; Cyril Cavadore, Alcor System; Thierry Lépine, Institut d’Optique Graduate School and Univ-Lyon, Laboratoire Hubert Curien
Keywords: Multi-telescope observation stations, global space surveillance, faint streak detection
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Developing A Virtual Assistant for Space Operations
Jeremy Ludwig, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc.; Bart Presnell, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc.; Richard Stottler, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc.
Keywords: space situational awareness, intent recognition, search, virtual assistant
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Observations of Space Object 2020 SO Using 8-inch f/2 Schmidt Astrograph
Tim McLaughlin, Pine Park Engineering Corp; Roger L Mansfield, MITRE
Keywords: astrodynamics, instrumentation, sensors, modeling, small aperture, high etendue, wide field of view optical systems, cislunar space situational awareness, space domain awareness
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Identifying the Statistically-Most-Concerning Conjunctions in LEO
Matthew Stevenson, LeoLabs; Darren McKnight, LeoLabs; Hugh Lewis, University of Southampton; Chris Kunstadter, AXA XL; Rachit Bhatia, LeoLabs
Keywords: debris collision risk, space object population modeling
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Earthshine: A Paradigm Shift for Daylight Imaging and Custody of LEO Satellites
Scott Milster, AFRL/RV; Waid Schlaegel, AFRL/RD
Keywords: daytime imaging, Earthshine
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A Subset Simulation Based Technique for Calculating the Probability of Collision
Utkarsh Ranjan Mishra, Texas A&M University; Weston Faber, L3Harris; Suman Chakravorty, Texas A&M University; Islam Hussein, Thornton Tomasetti
Keywords: MCMC, Subset Simulation, Conjunction Assessment, Probability of Collision, Space Situational Awareness, Parallel Computing, Orbital Debris
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A New Statistical Estimate of the Radar Coverage of the Low Earth Orbit Debris Environment
Chris Ostrom, HX5 Jacobs JETS Contract, NASA Johnson Space Center; Timothy Kennedy, NASA Johnson Space Center Orbital Debris Program Office
Keywords: orbital debris, radar, measurement, modeling, LEO, low earth orbit, observability, statistics
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Asteroid Detection and Risk Prediction for the Earth
Tulika Jain, Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Ashish Shethia, Shah and Anchor Kutchhi Engineering college; Siddhi Khanvilkar, Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Linesh Patil, Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Vidyullata Devmane, Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Srikanth Kodeboyina, Blue Eye Soft Corporation
Keywords: Asteroid, You Only Look Once (YOLO), Space, Threats, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Near-Earth Objects, Astrometric Parameters, Celestial Bodies, Risk Prediction, Asteroid Collisions.
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Threats Prediction to a Satellite by Detected Asteroids
Linesh Patil, Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Siddhi Khanvilkar, Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Ashish Shethia, Shah and Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Tulika Jain, Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Vidyullata Devmane, Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College; Srikanth Kodeboyina, Blue Eye Soft Corporation
Keywords: Asteroids, Space Debris, Satellite Threats, Risk Prediction, Satellite imagery, Satellite Collisions, You Only Look Once (YOLO)
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Survey on New Strategies and State of the Art for Space Debris Catalogue Generation for Optical Sensor Networks
Guido Pedone, Airbus Defence and Space GmbH; Jens Utzmann, Airbus Defence and Space GmbH; Roger Förstner, Universität der Bundeswehr München
Keywords: Observation Scheduling, Admissible Regions, Virtual Debris
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Debris Cloud Structure in Medium Earth Orbit
Marielle Pellegrino, University of Colorado Boulder, The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc.; Daniel Scheeres, University of Colorado Boulder, The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc.; Brett Streetman, University of Colorado Boulder, The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc.
Keywords: space debris, astrodynamics, chaos, gnss, meo
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Clustering-Based Uncorrelated Track Association
Louis Penafiel, Aptima, Inc.; William Dupree, Aptima, Inc.; Thomas Gemmer, Aptima, Inc.
Keywords: Machine Learning, clustering algorithms, Unified Data Library, Uncorrelated Tracks, Unsupervised Machine Learning
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Dual Use Star Tracker and Space Domain Awareness Sensor In-Space Test
Elozor Plotke, LinQuest Corporation; Peter C. Lai, LinQuest Corporation; Yingwai (Andy) Chan, United States Space Force SSC; Roberta M. Ewart, United States Space Force SSC; Kyle Miller, Ball Aerospace; Jacob Griesbach, Ball Aerospace
Keywords: Medium Accuracy Star Tracker (MAST), star tracker, space domain awareness (SDA), sensor, in-space developmental test, in-space processing algorithms
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Orbital Diversity and Inclination Optimization for Large Count LEO Constellations in Non-polar Orbits
Chuck Quintero, Johns Hopkins University –Applied Physics Laboratory; Robert Duggan, Johns Hopkins University –Applied Physics Laboratory
Keywords: Waves Constellation, Constellation Design, Polar-Star, Latitude Coverage, Satellite Access, Coverage Persistence, Satellite Communications, Satellite Custody
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Decentralized Space Information Sharing as a Key Enabler of Trust and the Preservation of Space
Harvey Reed, MITRE; Nathaniel Dailey, MITRE; Ruth Stilwell, Aerospace Policy Solutions, LLC; Brian Weeden, Secure World Foundation
Keywords: Space Traffic Management (STM), Space Surveillance Network (SSN), Space Domain Awareness (SDA), Persistence, SNARE, BESTA, GREAT
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Multi-Target Ensemble Gaussian Mixture Tracking with Sparse Observations
Benjamin Reifler, The University of Texas at Austin; Sehyun Yun, The University of Texas at Austin; Brandon Jones, University of Texas at Austin; Renato Zanetti, University of Texas at Austin
Keywords: multi-target tracking, label-partitioned GLMB filter, ensemble Gaussian mixture filter, sparse data, large satellite constellations
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Patterns of Life and Maneuver Detection for Cislunar Trajectory Maintenance
Karina Rivera, University of Colorado Boulder; Anthony Zara, University of Colorado Boulder; Daniel Aguilar Marsillach, University of Colorado Boulder; Marcus Holzinger, University of Colorado Boulder; Ian Elliott, University of Colorado Boulder; Natasha Bosanac, University of Colorado Boulder
Keywords: Cislunar Space Domain Awareness, Patterns of Life, Receding Horizon Control, Cislunar Space, Maneuver Detection, Optimal Control-Based Estimator
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Performance of Northrop Grumman’s Mission Extension Vehicle (MEV) RPO Imagers at GEO
Matt Pyrak, Northrop Grumman Space Systems; Joseph Anderson, Space Logistics LLC
Keywords: GEO satellite imagery, rendexvous proximity operations and docking, RPO, RPOD, GEO space situational awareness,in-orbit sensor performance, mission extenstion vehivle, satellite servicing
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Modeling Energy Dissipation and De-tumbling of a Defunct a Satellite Using a Finite Element Method
Ryotaro Sakamoto, University of Colorado Boulder; Daniel Scheeres, University of Colorado Boulder
Keywords: Energy dissipation, Rotational dynamics, Flexible dynamics, Defunct Satellites
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Optical Satellite Tracking in Earth’s Shadow with Non-traditional Illumination
Kevin Schafer, MITRE; David Marson, MITRE
Keywords: earth shadow, city shine
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Ablative Collision Avoidance for Space Debris in the Lower Earth Orbit by a Single Multi-kJ Pulse from a Ground-based Laser
Stefan Scharring, DLR; Gerd Wagner, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Technical Physics; Jürgen Kästel, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Technical Physics; Wolfgang Riede, DLR; Jochen Speiser, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Technical Physics
Keywords: space debris, collision avoidance, high energy laser, laser ablation, atmospheric beam propagation, laser guide star, laser-matter interaction, adaptive optics
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Re-entry Event of CZ-3B R/B Observed by All-sky Meteor Cameras AMOS
Veronika Pazderova, Comenius University; Jiří Šilha, Comenius University; Pavol Matlovic, Comenius University; Juraj Toth, Comenius University; Leonard Kornos, Comenius University; Pavol Zigo, Comenius University; Peter Veres, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Keywords: reentry, all-sky meteor camera, video, modelling
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AGO70: passive optical system to support SLR tracking of space debris on LEO
Jiří Šilha, Comenius University; Pavol Zigo, Comenius University; Matej Zigo, Comenius University; Peter Jevcak, Comenius University; Stanislav Krajčovič, Comenius University and Tila s.r.o,; Michael Steindorfer, Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences; Georg Kirchner, Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences; Peiyuan Wang, Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences; Palash Patole, Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern; Thomas Schildknecht, Astronomisches Institut Universität Bern; Beatriz Jilete, ESA Space Debris Office; Tim Flohrer, ESA Space Debris Office
Keywords: passive sensor, SLR tracking, LEO, space debris, astrometry
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Systems and Methods for Hybrid Lunar Surface and Space Domain Situational Awareness
Elvis D. Silva, Ball Aerospace; Jeffrey Van Cleve, Ball Aerospace; Rob Philbrick, Ball Aerospace; Christopher J. Grant, Ball Aerospace; Jacob D. Griesbach, Ball Aerospace; Michael P. Mahoney, Ball Aerospace
Keywords: Cislunar, Astrodynamics, Imaging, Sensors, Optical Systems, Space Domain Awareness, Lunar Exploration, Lunar Mapping
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A Three-dimensional Photometric Model of a Satellite in Geostationary Orbit
Jovan Skuljan, Defence Technology Agency
Keywords: Photometry, light-curve modelling, GEO satellites
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Parametric Generation of Whistler Waves in the Ionosphere
Vladimir Sotnikov, AFRL; Naum Gershenzon, Wright State University; Evgeny Mishin, Air Force Research Laboratory; Eugene Dao, Air Force Research Laboratory; Tony Kim, AFOSR/AOARD
Keywords: Ionosphere, Whistler waves.
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A Worldwide Network of Radars for Space Domain Awareness in Low Earth Orbit
James Rowland, LeoLabs, Inc.; Darren McKnight, LeoLabs, Inc.; Bonnie Prado Pino, LeoLabs, Inc.; Benedikt Reihs, Independent; Matthew Stevenson, LeoLabs, Inc.
Keywords: Radar, Low-Earth Orbit, Resident Space Objects, Tracking, Searching, Launch and Early Orbit Phase
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A Spoken Language Interface for SSA/SDA based on Modern Speech Processing Technology
Richard Stottler, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc.
Keywords: spoken language interface (SLI), speech to text, intents, Machine Learning (ML), User Experience/User Interface (UX/UI), SSA/SDA
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Toward Intuitive Understanding of Complex Astrodynamics using Distributed Augmented Reality
Daniel Stouch, Charles River Analytics; Umanga Balasuriya, Charles River Analytics; Rob Hyland, Charles River Analytics; Les Bird, Charles River Analytics; Michael Jenkins, Charles River Analytics; Caroline Kingsley, Charles River Analytics
Keywords: augmented reality (AR), space domain awareness (SDA), human machine interaction (HCI), space education, space policy, virtual reality, data fusion, machine learning (ML), space situational awareness (SSA), space traffic management (STM)
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Design Trades for Environmentally Friendly Broadband LEO Satellite Systems
Mark A. Sturza, 3C Systems Company; Gemma Saura Carretero, Viasat, Inc.
Keywords: LEO; debris; Kessler Syndrome; collisions; maneuverability
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Investigating the Risks of Debris-generating ASAT Tests in the Presence of Megaconstellations
Sarah Thiele, The University of British Columbia; Aaron C. Boley, The University of British Columbia
Keywords: ASAT tests, megaconstellations, orbital debris, modeling, collisional probability, collisional risk
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Cislunar Orbit Determination and Tracking via Simulated Space-Based Measurements
Michael Thompson, Advanced Space, LLC; Nathan Parrish Ré, Advanced Space, LLC; Cameron Meek, Advanced Space, LLC; Bradley Cheetham, Advanced Space, LLC
Keywords: cislunar, SSA, SDA
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Detecting Dim Targets in Cislunar Space using GEO/HEO-based Optical Sensors
Darren Thornton, Air Force Institute of Technology; Bryan Little, Air Force Institute of Technology; Bryan Steward, Air Force Institute of Technology, Resonant Sciences; Richard Cobb, Air Force Institute of Technology
Keywords: Cislunar SDA, SSA, optical sensors, multifunction systems
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The Machine Learning Enabled Thermosphere Advanced by the High Accuracy Satellite Drag Model (META-HASDM)
W. Kent Tobiska, Space Environment Technologies; Bruce Bowman, Space Environment Technologies; Marcin Pilinski, Space Environment Technologies; Piyush Mehta, West Virginia University; Richard Licata, West Virginia University
Keywords: HASDM, space weather, machine-learning, atmosphere density, forecasting
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Agile Space Object Custody for Electro-Optical Sensors
Johnathan Tucker, University of Colorado Boulder; Daniel Aguilar Marsillach, University of Colorado Boulder; Anna Montgomery, University of Colorado Boulder; Marcus Holzinger, University of Colorado Boulder
Keywords: Custody, Reachability, Catalog Maintenance
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Daytime Sky Brightness Measurements and Comparison to Analytical Models
Vincent Vella, L3Harris Technologies; Jacob Brazeau, L3Harris Technologies
Keywords: Daytime, SNR, Link Budget, SWIR, RSO Tracking, RSO Custody, High Noise Signal Discrimination, Daytime Atmospheric Characterization, MODTRAN
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Establishment of a Space Operations Squadron at the Japan Air Self-Defense Force in 2020: current status and future prospects
Quentin Verspieren, The University of Tokyo
Keywords: Space Operations Squadron; Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces; Space Situational Awareness; Space Domain Awareness
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Artificial Intelligence enabled Dynamic Coalition Architecture for Space Traffic Management
W. Thomas Vestrand, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Przemek Wozniak, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Sean Brennan, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Troy McVay, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Lucas Parker, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Rebecca Holmes Sandoval, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Yancey Sechrest, Los Alamos National Laboratory
Keywords: Space Traffic Management, Space Domain Awareness, Artificial Intelligence
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Object Detection from Radon Transformations using Machine Learning Techniques
Thomas Walker, Lockheed Martin Australia; Boris Repasky, Lockheed Martin Australia; Timothy Payne, Lockheed Martin Australia; Greg Madsen, Lockheed Martin Australia
Keywords: machine learning, artificial intelligence, regression, Radon transformation, Space Situational Awareness, object detection, Space Domain Awareness
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Preliminary Viability Assessment of Cislunar Periodic Orbits for Space Domain Awareness
Adam P. Wilmer, Air Force Institute of Technology; Robert A. Bettinger, U.S. Air Force; Bryan D. Little, Air Force Institute of Technology
Keywords: space domain awareness; space situational awareness; cislunar; periodic orbit
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Semantic Segmentation of Low Earth Object Satellites using Convolutional Neural Networks
Julia Yang, The Boeing Company; Jacob Lucas, The Boeing Company; Trent Kyono, The Boeing Company; Michael Abercrombie, The Boeing Company; Justin Fletcher, Odyssey Systems Consulting; Ian McQuaid, Air Force Research Laboratory
Keywords: Semantic Segmentation, Component Segmentation, Satellite Segmentation, Segmentation, LEO, Low Earth Objects, Atmospheric Turbulence, Imaging, Ground-based imaging, Neural Network, CNN, Machine Learning, SSA, SDA
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Trends in Global Space Situational Awareness
Makena Young, Aerospace Security Project
Keywords: Space Policy, Space Law, Space Situational Awareness, Space Domain Awareness, Space Traffic Management, Machine Learning Applications of SSA
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Establishing a Chain of Digital Forensics for Space Object Behavior Using Distributed Ledger Technology
Waqar Zaidi, L3Harris; Thomas Kelecy, L3Harris; Weston Faber, L3Harris; Moriba Jah, University of Texas at Austin
Keywords: Space Object Behavior, Digital Forensics, Evidence, Distributed Ledger Technology, Data Provenance, Data Attribution
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A Complete SSA Scheme for a Sustainable Low Earth Orbit: Space Data Aggregation and IA Combined with In-orbit Inspection
Selma Zamoum, SpaceAble France; Thomas Husson, SpaceAble France; Fatoumata Kebe, SpaceAble France; Mathieu Barthélémy, IPAG-OSUG/CSUG; Benjamin Gigleux, SpaceAble France; Jacques Sombrin, TéSA Laboratory; Franck Durand-Carrier, TéSA Laboratory and CNES
Keywords: In-Orbit Servicing, Inspection, Space Weather Modeling, Space Data, Rendezvous, Satellite Anomalies, Space Safety
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Cislunar SSA/SDA from the Lunar Surface: COTS Imagers on Commercial Landers
Peter Zimmer, J.T. McGraw and Associates, LLC ; John T. McGraw, J.T. McGraw & Associates, LLC; Mark R. Ackermann, J.T. McGraw and Associates, LLC;
Keywords: cislunar, SSA, SDA, lander, optics, surface, moon, telescope
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Overcoming the Challenges of Daylight Optical Tracking of LEOs
Peter Zimmer, J.T. McGraw and Associates, LLC ; John T. McGraw, J.T. McGraw & Associates, LLC; Mark R. Ackermann, J.T. McGraw and Associates, LLC;
Keywords: daylight, earthshine, SSA, SDA, LEO, telescope, astrometry
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